Airspace Classes & Rules

FARs 91.126 – 91.135

Airspace Classes

Class A   ‘Above Everything’

FAR 91.135

FAR 71.33

Area

FL180 - FL600 ‘MSL
12 NM from contiguous coast

Pilot Qualifications

Instrument rated

Entry Requirements

IFR Flight Plan Instrument Rating

Equipment Requirements

IFR equipped

Class B   ‘Busy’

FAR 91.131

PHAK

  • Tower ensures aircraft separation
  • Contains published instrument procedures

Area

Usually SFC - 10,000’ MSL, tiered shelves
Altitude per sector in blue  ceiling/floor, MSL

Sectional

Solid blue line

Pilot Qualifications

Student Pilot with solo endorsement

Entry Requirements

ATC Clearance  “cleared into bravo airspace”

Equipment Requirements

Mode C transponder, ADS-B out
Two-way communication

Class C   ‘Controlled’

FAR 91.130

  • Tower ensures aircraft separation
  • Contains published instrument procedures

Area

Altitude per sector in magenta  ceiling/floor, MSL

SFC - 1,200’ AGL 5 NM radius
1,200’ - 4,000’ AGL 10 NM radius

Sectional

Solid magenta line

Pilot Qualifications

Student Pilot with solo endorsment

Entry Requirements

2 way radio communication
established with callsign

Equipment Requirements

Mode C transponder, ADS-B out
2 way communication

Class D   ‘Do talk to them’

FAR 91.129

  • Tower ensures aircraft separation
  • Contains published instrument procedures

Area

Usually SFC - 2,500’ AGL, 4 NM radius

Sectional

Dashed blue circle Arrival extensions class D/E airspace

Pilot Qualifications

Student Pilot with solo endorsement

Entry Requirements

2 way radio communication
established with call sign

Equipment Requirements

2 way radio communication

Class E   ‘Everything Else’

FAR 91.127

FAR 71.71

Area SFC - 17,999’ MSL
Sectional Dashed magenta (inside)

Area 700’ AGL - 17,999’ MSL
Sectional Faded magenta (inside)

Area 1,200’ AGL - 17,999’ MSL
Sectional Faded blue (outside)

Area 14,500’ - 17,999’ MSL
Sectional Faded blue (inside)

Area 12 NM from U.S. coast
Above FL600

Pilot Qualifications

Student Pilot with solo endorsement

Entry Requirements

None

Equipment Requirements

Above 10,000’ MSL – Mode C transponder, ADS-B out

Class G   ‘Ground’

FAR 91.126

Uncontrolled airspace

Area

Less than 700’ / 1,200’ AGL below Class E

Pilot Qualifications

Student Pilot with solo endorsement

Entry Requirements

None

Equipment Requirements

None

Airspace Infographic

IFH Figure 1-1

Airspace Rules

Right of Way

Speed Restrictions

FAR 91.117 – Aircraft speed

  • 250 KIAS below 10,000’ MSL
  • 200 KIAS –
    • At or below 2,500’ MSL within 4 NM of Class C or D airspace (not inside)
    • Underneath Class B
    • Within Class B VFR corridor

Minimum Altitudes